26 octombrie 2012

Boli infectioase



Dupa Curriculum de pregatire in specialitatea Boli infectioase:


Specialitatea Boli infecţioase este o specialitate medicală care se ocupă cu studiul bolilor provocate de agenţi infecţioşi transmisibili şi netransmisibili, precum şi cu prevenirea, depistarea, diagnosticarea şi tratarea bolilor provocate de prioni, virusuri, bacterii, fungi, paraziti şi alţi agenţi patogeni. 

Durata de pregatire: 4 ani

Dupa Pathway Evaluation Program:


Infectious Diseases is a board-certified subspecialty of internal medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of communicable diseases of all types, in all organs, and in all ages of patients.  The specialty requires an understanding of the microbiology, prevention and management of disorders caused by viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections, including the appropriate use of antimicrobial agents, vaccines, and other immunobiological agents; the environmental, occupational, and host factors that predispose to infection; and the basic principles of epidemiology and transmission of infection. The emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and the AIDS epidemic have significantly affected this specialty. 
Infectious diseases physicians traditionally worked in university medical centers and had research backgrounds tracking the source of infection in outbreaks of disease.  Today, they are experts in preventive medicine and travel-related conditions as well as having moved to a more patient-oriented practice. They often see referrals with serious infections or problematic responses to treatment. Practice in the field requires a large physician referral base, and some infectious disease physicians practice general internal medicine as well.  

Five types of illnesses/conditions most frequently encountered: HIV/AIDS, Pneumonia, Osteomyelitis, Sepsis, Fever

Dupa The Ultimate Guide to Choosing a Medical Specialty:

If you love studying bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi, then the subspecialty of infectious disease is for you. These physicians take the basic science of microbiology and apply it to clinical situations. In their diagnostic workup, they approach the patient’s disease process by taking into consideration recent travel, geographic region, country of origin, and cultural practice. They are experts in the proper collection and analysis of culture specimens, plus a variety of laboratory tests, such as antibiotic sensitivity tests, CD4 counts, and infectious serologies. Their treatment regimens are largely pharmacologic and draw on the latest developments in antibiotic therapy. Through the use of vaccines, they practice a great deal of preventive medicine. 

Most patients who require the expertise of these clinicians have diseases that are short-term in nature. Thus, infectious disease specialists typically serve as consultants for other physicians.

They consult on patients in the hospital for diagnostic challenges (e.g., fever of unknown origin) and for treatment regimens of specific infectious diseases (e.g., bacterial endocarditis, meningitis, cellulitis, sepsis). Many infectious disease physicians maintain longer relationships with patients suffering from chronic diseases, such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis, who require extensive follow up.

Other areas of expertise include infection control within health care settings, international public health, and the prevention of antibiotic resistance through education and research. They also are involved in the tracking and epidemiology of certain communicable diseases. As the threat of biological attack becomes a growing concern, the prevention, recognition, and treatment of bioterrorism are now focal points of infectious disease.

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